Design and Implementation of Automatic Combustion Control System for Garbage Incinerator

Design and Implementation of Automatic Combustion Control System for Garbage Incinerator
In recent years, urban scale and residential population have been continuously expanding and increasing, resulting in an increasing amount of urban household waste. From the perspective of urban development, how to deal with urban household waste is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Regarding the treatment of urban household waste, landfilling, incineration, and composting are mostly used. The treatment effect of incineration is very obvious, and with the help of waste incineration power generation, it can also demonstrate the advantages of green, environmental protection, and efficiency.
1、 Basic overview of combustion automatic control system in grate type waste incineration power plants.
1. Understanding of grate furnace waste incineration.
Grate furnace waste incineration is a waste incineration treatment technology. Grate furnace incineration has various forms and a wide range of uses, accounting for more than 80% of the world's waste incineration power generation market. Its most significant advantages are mature technology, stable operation, safety and reliability, low harmful gas emissions, and strong adaptability, which are conducive to large-scale centralized treatment of garbage. Before incineration, most garbage does not require pre-treatment and can be directly incinerated, making operation convenient. However, grate furnace waste incineration also has the problem of high sludge moisture content and inability to directly incinerate large household waste.
2. Principle of combustion self-control: The combustion self-control system is designed to address the current situation of traditional manual ignition operations, poor production conditions, high labor intensity, poor safety, frequent occurrence of casualties, lack of accident detection and warning, real-time monitoring of combustion conditions, and the ability to judge and handle abnormal phenomena. A fully automated combustion control system has been developed and designed, which can effectively improve the reliability and safety of incineration and power generation, Achieve product quality and economic benefits. The main purpose of the combustion automatic control system is to ensure stable combustion of garbage, achieve automatic control and operation of garbage combustion such as feeding, air intake, flipping frequency, etc; Steam flow rate is an important parameter that reflects the operating status of combustion control systems.
2、 The current situation of waste incineration power generation.
So far, with the development of domestic waste treatment projects in China, according to statistics, the amount of waste generated in our country's daily lives is about 10000 tons. The emergence of this situation will bring more severe challenges to the existing garbage treatment system in cities, and incineration has become one of the more common treatment methods in the current garbage treatment process.
At present, China's domestic waste incineration power generation has been carried out for many years, and domestic waste incineration treatment workers have explored a set of waste disposal models suitable for China's national conditions. According to the characteristics of waste incineration treatment, corresponding incineration equipment components have been constructed. However, in actual operation, due to the late development of waste incineration treatment technology in China, there are still some problems in the actual operation of incineration equipment.
3、 Design indicators for automatic combustion control system.
The combustion system of the garbage incinerator should be stably controlled to avoid shutdown due to improper human operation. Therefore, the goal of combustion control of the incinerator is to maintain stable combustion, stable steam flow rate, continuous high temperature inside the furnace, lower atmospheric pollutant emissions than the limit value, and achieve the designed value of thermal ignition.
4、 Combustion automatic control strategy.
Sensitivity analysis of combustion control.
During the operation of the incineration system, due to the complex composition of the garbage, the time from feeding to fuel combustion is relatively long. Therefore, the variable adjustment of the combustion system needs to have a certain degree of freedom to better conform to the characteristics of garbage incineration. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on repairing the measuring instruments related to the variables of the system, increasing the calibration frequency, and ensuring the normal operation of the instruments.
2. Garbage promotion control.
The combustion automatic control system is based on steam flow rate, calculates the gas supply through calorific value, and precisely feeds through the control of the hydraulic system. The calculation of calorific value during the feeding process is an important factor in ensuring combustion stability; At the same time, the combustion automatic control system should record the heat generated to ensure feeding accuracy. In this process, it is necessary to ensure that the garbage is evenly spread on the grate and effectively flipped to achieve continuous and full combustion.
Implementing automatic control of the incineration process in an incinerator can improve the accuracy, stability, and work efficiency of incineration quality, change traditional manual operation methods, and reduce the harm of accidents to people. At the same time, according to the actual situation in different regions, appropriate improvements can be made to the grate furnace waste incinerator to improve the efficiency of grate furnace waste incineration and promote the development of the waste incineration power generation industry, Create a cleaner living environment for humanity.